{"id":111,"date":"2008-03-08T13:40:31","date_gmt":"2008-03-08T13:40:31","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2008-03-08T13:40:31","modified_gmt":"2008-03-08T13:40:31","slug":"111","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.poloo.org\/?p=111","title":{"rendered":"\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f(Template Method Pattern)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001 \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Template Method\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f
\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\uff0c\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u903b\u8f91\u4ee5\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5177\u4f53\u6784\u9020\u5b50\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e9b\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8feb\u4f7f\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u7248\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7528\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001 \u6a21\u7248\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784
\u6a21\u7248\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n


\u8fd9\u91cc\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u7248\uff08AbstractClass\uff09\u89d2\u8272\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff1a
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\u5177\u4f53\u6a21\u7248\uff08ConcreteClass\uff09\u89d2\u8272\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff1a
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\u4e09\u3001 \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u793a\u610f\u6027\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n


\/\/ Template Method pattern -- Structural example  
using System;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"AbstractClass\"
abstract class AbstractClass
{
  \/\/ Methods
  abstract public void PrimitiveOperation1();
  abstract public void PrimitiveOperation2();<\/p>\n

  \/\/ The Template method
  public void TemplateMethod()
  {
    Console.WriteLine(\"In AbstractClass.TemplateMethod()\");
    PrimitiveOperation1();
    PrimitiveOperation2();
  }
}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"ConcreteClass\"
class ConcreteClass : AbstractClass
{
  \/\/ Methods
  public override void PrimitiveOperation1()
  {
    Console.WriteLine(\"Called ConcreteClass.PrimitiveOperation1()\");
  }<\/p>\n

  public override void PrimitiveOperation2()
  {
    Console.WriteLine(\"Called ConcreteClass.PrimitiveOperation2()\");
  }
}<\/p>\n

\/**\/\/\/\/ <summary>
\/\/\/ Client test
\/\/\/ <\/summary>
public class Client
{
  public static void Main( string[] args )
  {
    \/\/ Create instance and call template method
    ConcreteClass c = new ConcreteClass();
    c.TemplateMethod();
  }
}
<\/code><\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001 \u7ee7\u627f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u590d\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177
\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u590d\u7528\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u614e\u91cd\uff0cC#\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u590d\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u4e00<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521d\u5b66C#\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a”\u7ee7\u627f”\u662f\u9ad8\u6df1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u590d\u7528\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u59d4\u6d3e\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u77e5\u5176\u4e00\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u4e8c<\/p>\n

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\u77e5\u5176\u4e8c<\/p>\n

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\u77e5\u5176\u4e09<\/p>\n

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\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u6a21\u7248\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u65b0\u5b66\u4e60\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u597d\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fddC\u76d8\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709nwind.mdb\u8fd9\u4e2aAccess\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceOffice\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u627e\u5230\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\/\/ Template Method pattern -- Real World example  
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"AbstractClass\"
abstract class DataObject
{
  \/\/ Methods
  abstract public void Connect();
  abstract public void Select();
  abstract public void Process();
  abstract public void Disconnect();<\/p>\n

  \/\/ The \"Template Method\"
  public void Run()
  {
    Connect();
    Select();
    Process();
    Disconnect();
  }
}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"ConcreteClass\"
class CustomerDataObject : DataObject
{
  private string connectionString =
    \"provider=Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0; \"
    + \"data source=c:\\nwind.mdb\";
  private string commandString;
  private DataSet dataSet;<\/p>\n

  \/\/ Methods
  public override void Connect( )
  {
    \/\/ Nothing to do
  }<\/p>\n

  public override void Select( )
  {
    commandString = \"select CompanyName from Customers\";
    OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(
      commandString, connectionString );
    dataSet = new DataSet();
    dataAdapter.Fill( dataSet, \"Customers\" );
  }<\/p>\n

  public override void Process()
  {
    DataTable dataTable = dataSet.Tables[\"Customers\"];
    foreach( DataRow dataRow in dataTable.Rows )
      Console.WriteLine( dataRow[ \"CompanyName\" ] );
  }<\/p>\n

  public override void Disconnect()
  {
    \/\/ Nothing to do
  }
}<\/p>\n

\/**\/\/\/\/ <summary>
\/\/\/  TemplateMethodApp test
\/\/\/ <\/summary>
public class TemplateMethodApp
{
  public static void Main( string[] args )
  {
    CustomerDataObject c = new CustomerDataObject( );
    c.Run();
  }
}
<\/code><\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001 \u6a21\u7248\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
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\u6a21\u7248\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

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\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

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\u4e03\u3001 \u91cd\u6784\u7684\u539f\u5219
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1995\u5e74\uff0cAuer\u66fe\u5728\u6587\u732e\u3010AUER95\u3011\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n

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