{"id":103,"date":"2008-03-04T16:16:30","date_gmt":"2008-03-04T16:16:30","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2008-03-04T16:16:30","modified_gmt":"2008-03-04T16:16:30","slug":"103","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.poloo.org\/?p=103","title":{"rendered":"\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f(Proxy Pattern)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001 \u4ee3\u7406\uff08Proxy\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f
\u4ee3\u7406\uff08Proxy\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ed9\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u53eb\u505aProxy\u6216Surrogate\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u90fd\u53ef\u8bd1\u6210”\u4ee3\u7406”\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u4ee3\u8868\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u8005\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u4e0d\u60f3\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u8d77\u5230\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001 \u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b
\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u7684\u6765\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u8fdc\u7a0b\uff08Remote\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5728\u672c\u673a\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u662f\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7406\u53c8\u53eb\u505a\u5927\u4f7f\uff08Ambassador\uff09\u3002
\u865a\u62df\uff08Virtual\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6b64\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ea\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u771f\u6b63\u521b\u5efa\u3002
Copy-on-Write\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u628a\u590d\u5236\uff08\u514b\u9686\uff09\u62d6\u5ef6\u5230\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002
\u4fdd\u62a4\uff08Protect or Access\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\u3002
Cache\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08Firewall\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u4fdd\u62a4\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u6076\u610f\u7528\u6237\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002
\u540c\u6b65\u5316\uff08Synchronization\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u4f7f\u51e0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u3002
\u667a\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\uff08Smart Reference\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5c06\u5bf9\u6b64\u5bf9\u8c61\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\u7b49\u3002
\u5728\u6240\u6709\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u865a\u62df\uff08Virtual\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\uff08Remote\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\uff08Smart Reference Proxy\uff09\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\uff08Protect or Access\uff09\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001 \u8fdc\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50
Achilles\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002Achilles\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u684c\u9762\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8fc7\u7a0b\u91cc\u8d77\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662fAchilles\u4e0e\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53c8\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002Achilles\u622a\u83b7\u53cc\u5411\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97Achilles\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u6765\u81ea\u548c\u53d1\u5f80\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e6\u622a\u5e76\u4fee\u6539SSL\u901a\u8baf\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u70b9\u5728\u300aJava\u4e0e\u6a21\u5f0f\u300b\u4e2d\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5bf9\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u62e6\u622a\u3001\u7834\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u6211\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u622a\u53d6\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u300b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662fWindows\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5b83\u6240\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001 \u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784
\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7c7b\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a

\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3b\u9898\u89d2\u8272\uff08Subject\uff09\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5171\u540c\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7406\u4e3b\u9898\uff08Proxy\uff09\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u4ee3\u7406\u4e3b\u9898\u89d2\u8272\u5185\u90e8\u542b\u6709\u5bf9\u771f\u662f\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u64cd\u4f5c\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1b\u4ee3\u7406\u4e3b\u9898\u89d2\u8272\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u89d2\u8272\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4f53\uff1b\u63a7\u5236\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u521b\u5efa\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u548c\u5220\u9664\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\uff1b\u4ee3\u7406\u89d2\u8272\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8c03\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u4e4b\u524d\u6216\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u5c06\u8c03\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u771f\u5b9e\u4e3b\u9898\u89d2\u8272\uff08RealSubject\uff09\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4ee3\u7406\u89d2\u8272\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001 \u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u793a\u4f8b\u6027\u4ee3\u7801
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u6027\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a
\/\/ Proxy pattern -- Structural example  
using System;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"Subject\"
abstract class Subject
{
  \/\/ Methods
  abstract public void Request();
}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"RealSubject\"
class RealSubject : Subject
{
  \/\/ Methods
  override public void Request()
  {
    Console.WriteLine(\"Called RealSubject.Request()\");
  }
}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"Proxy\"
class Proxy : Subject
{
  \/\/ Fields
  RealSubject realSubject;<\/p>\n

  \/\/ Methods
  override public void Request()
  {
    \/\/ Uses \"lazy initialization\"
    if( realSubject == null )
      realSubject = new RealSubject();<\/p>\n

    preRequest();
    realSubject.Request();
    postRequest();
  }<\/p>\n

  public void preRequest()
  { Console.WriteLine(\"PreRequest.\"); }<\/p>\n

  public void postRequest()
  { Console.WriteLine(\"PostRequest.\"); }
}<\/p>\n

\/**\/\/\/\/ <summary>
\/\/\/ Client test
\/\/\/ <\/summary>
public class Client
{
  public static void Main( string[] args )
  {
    \/\/ Create proxy and request a service
    Proxy p = new Proxy();
    p.Request();
  }
}
<\/code>
\u516d\u3001 \u9ad8\u8001\u5e84\u609f\u7a7a\u964d\u516b\u6212
\u5c3d\u7ba1\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u516b\u6212\u8fd8\u4e0d\u53eb\u516b\u6212\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u79f0\u547c\u4ed6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u8001\u5e84\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/p>\n

\u5374\u8bf4\u90a3\u6625\u878d\u65f6\u8282\uff0c\u609f\u7a7a\u7275\u7740\u767d\u9a6c\uff0c\u4e0e\u5510\u50e7\u8d76\u8def\u897f\u884c\u3002\u5ffd\u4e00\u65e5\u5929\u8272\u5c06\u665a\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5730\u671b\u89c1\u4e00\u6751\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u8001\u5e84\uff0c\u732a\u516b\u6212\u7684\u4e08\u4eba\u9ad8\u592a\u516c\u5bb6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u9ad8\u5bb6\u4e09\u5c0f\u59d0\u89e3\u6551\u51fa\u516b\u6212\u7684\u9b54\u638c\uff0c\u609f\u7a7a\u51b3\u5b9a\u626e\u505a\u9ad8\u5c0f\u59d0\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e00\u4f1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5996\u602a\uff1a<\/p>\n

“\u884c\u8005\u5374\u5f04\u795e\u901a\uff0c\u6447\u8eab\u4e00\u53d8\uff0c\u53d8\u5f97\u5c31\u5982\u90a3\u5973\u5b50\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u72ec\u81ea\u4e2a\u5750\u5728\u623f\u91cc\u7b49\u90a3\u5996\u7cbe\u3002\u4e0d\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u9635\u98ce\u6765\uff0c\u771f\u4e2a\u662f\u8d70\u77f3\u98de\u7802\u2026\u2026\u90a3\u9635\u72c2\u98ce\u8fc7\u5904\uff0c\u53ea\u89c1\u534a\u7a7a\u91cc\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5996\u7cbe\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u751f\u5f97\u4e11\u964b\uff1a\u9ed1\u8138\u77ed\u6bdb\uff0c\u957f\u5599\u5927\u8033\uff0c\u7a7f\u4e00\u9886\u9752\u4e0d\u9752\u3001\u84dd\u4e0d\u84dd\u7684\u68ad\u5e03\u76f4\u88f0\uff0c\u7cfb\u4e00\u6761\u82b1\u5e03\u624b\u5dfe\u2026\u2026\u8d70\u8fdb\u623f\uff0c\u4e00\u628a\u6402\u4f4f\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u4eb2\u5634\u2026\u2026”<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u5bb6\u4e09\u5c0f\u59d0\u7684\u795e\u8c8c\u548c\u672c\u4eba<\/p>\n

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\u609f\u7a7a\u626e\u6f14\u5e76\u4ee3\u66ff\u9ad8\u5bb6\u4e09\u5c0f\u59d0<\/p>\n

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\u516b\u6212\u5206\u8fa8\u4e0d\u51fa\u771f\u5047\u8001\u5a46<\/p>\n

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\u91cd\u8981\u7528\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u609f\u7a7a\u4ee3\u66ff\u9ad8\u5bb6\u4e09\u5c0f\u59d0\u4f1a\u89c1\u516b\u6212\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002

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\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7406<\/p>\n

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\u865a\u62df\u4ee3\u7406<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u5c06\u88ab\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u52a0\u4ee5\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u5341\u5206\u8017\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ee3\u7406<\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ee3\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6709\u5173\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6838\u5b9e\u540e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u8c03\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u88ab\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u667a\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u4ee3\u7406<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u52a1\u5904\u7406\uff08Housekeeping\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8ba1\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001 \u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50
\u8be5\u4f8b\u5b50\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u57df\uff08AppDomain\uff09\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002
\/\/ Proxy pattern -- Real World example
using System;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"Subject\"
public interface IMath
{
  \/\/ Methods
  double Add( double x, double y );
  double Sub( double x, double y );
  double Mul( double x, double y );
  double Div( double x, double y );
}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \"RealSubject\"
class Math : MarshalByRefObject, IMath
{
  \/\/ Methods
  public double Add( double x, double y ){ return x + y; }
  public double Sub( double x, double y ){ return x - y; }
  public double Mul( double x, double y ){ return x * y; }
  public double Div( double x, double y ){ return x \/ y; }
}<\/p>\n

\/\/ Remote \"Proxy Object\"
class MathProxy : IMath
{
  \/\/ Fields
  Math math;<\/p>\n

  \/\/ Constructors
  public MathProxy()
  {
    \/\/ Create Math instance in a different AppDomain
    AppDomain ad = System.AppDomain.CreateDomain(\"MathDomain\",null, null );
    ObjectHandle o = ad.CreateInstance(\"Proxy_RealWorld\", \"Math\", false,
      System.Reflection.BindingFlags.CreateInstance, null, null, null,null,null );
    math = (Math) o.Unwrap();
  }<\/p>\n

  \/\/ Methods
  public double Add( double x, double y )
  {
    return math.Add(x,y);
  }
  public double Sub( double x, double y )
  {
    return math.Sub(x,y);
  }
  public double Mul( double x, double y )
  {
    return math.Mul(x,y);
  }
  public double Div( double x, double y )
  {
    return math.Div(x,y);
  }
}
\/**\/\/\/\/ <summary>
\/\/\/   ProxyApp test
\/\/\/ <\/summary>
public class ProxyApp
{
  public static void Main( string[] args )
  {
    \/\/ Create math proxy
    MathProxy p = new MathProxy();<\/p>\n

    \/\/ Do the math
    Console.WriteLine( \"4 + 2 = {0}\", p.Add( 4, 2 ) );
    Console.WriteLine( \"4 - 2 = {0}\", p.Sub( 4, 2 ) );
    Console.WriteLine( \"4 * 2 = {0}\", p.Mul( 4, 2 ) );
    Console.WriteLine( \"4 \/ 2 = {0}\", p.Div( 4, 2 ) );
  }
}
<\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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